An Anthropomorphic Deformable Phantom for Brain Shift Simulation

This study addresses the challenge of brain shift during neurosurgery by developing an anthropomorphic deformable brain phantom made from polyurethane and ceramic composite bone material. The phantom includes skin, skull, brain, blood vessels, ventricles, and an inflatable tumor to simulate brain shift. Both MR and C-Arm CT images are acquired at different deformation stages to evaluate the clinical relevance. The maximum displacement estimated using MR and CBCT correlates well with clinical findings, demonstrating the potential of this phantom for improving surgical accuracy.